觀公孫大娘弟子舞劍器行·并序 杜甫(712-770)
大歷二年十月十九日，夔府別駕元持宅，見臨潁李十二娘舞劍器，壯其蔚跂，問其所師，曰：“余公孫大娘弟子也。” 開元三載，余尚童稚，記于郾城觀公孫氏舞劍器渾脫，瀏灕頓挫，獨出冠時，自高頭宜春梨園二伎坊內人洎外供奉，曉是舞者，聖文神武皇帝初，公孫一人而已。玉貌錦衣，況余白首，今茲弟子，亦非盛顏。既辨其由來，知波瀾莫二，撫事慷慨，聊為《劍器行》。昔者吳人張旭，善草書書帖，數常于鄴縣見公孫大娘舞西河劍器，自此草書長進，豪蕩感激，即公孫可知矣。
大歷二年十月十九日，夔府別駕元持宅，見臨潁李十二娘舞劍器，壯其蔚跂，問其所師，曰：“余公孫大娘弟子也。” 開元三載，余尚童稚，記于郾城觀公孫氏舞劍器渾脫，瀏灕頓挫，獨出冠時，自高頭宜春梨園二伎坊內人洎外供奉，曉是舞者，聖文神武皇帝初，公孫一人而已。玉貌錦衣，況余白首，今茲弟子，亦非盛顏。既辨其由來，知波瀾莫二，撫事慷慨，聊為《劍器行》。昔者吳人張旭，善草書書帖，數常于鄴縣見公孫大娘舞西河劍器，自此草書長進，豪蕩感激，即公孫可知矣。
昔有佳人公孫氏，一舞劍器動四方。
觀者如山色沮喪，天地為之久低昂。
霍如羿射九日落，矯如群帝驂龍翔。
來如雷霆收震怒，罷如江海凝清光。
絳唇珠袖兩寂寞，晚有弟子傳芬芳。
臨潁美人在白帝，妙舞此曲神揚揚。
與余問答既有以，感時撫事增惋傷。
先帝侍女八千人，公孫劍器初第一。
五十年間似反掌，風塵澒洞昏王室。
梨園子弟散如煙，女樂餘姿映寒日。
金粟堆前木已拱，瞿塘石城草蕭瑟。
玳筵急管曲復終，樂極哀來月東出。
老夫不知其所往，足繭荒山轉愁疾。
觀者如山色沮喪，天地為之久低昂。
霍如羿射九日落，矯如群帝驂龍翔。
來如雷霆收震怒，罷如江海凝清光。
絳唇珠袖兩寂寞，晚有弟子傳芬芳。
臨潁美人在白帝，妙舞此曲神揚揚。
與余問答既有以，感時撫事增惋傷。
先帝侍女八千人，公孫劍器初第一。
五十年間似反掌，風塵澒洞昏王室。
梨園子弟散如煙，女樂餘姿映寒日。
金粟堆前木已拱，瞿塘石城草蕭瑟。
玳筵急管曲復終，樂極哀來月東出。
老夫不知其所往，足繭荒山轉愁疾。
On Seeing a Pupil of Madam Gongsun Performing
the
Dance Jian Qi – A Ballad
Du Fu (712-770)
On the nineteenth
day of the tenth month of the second year of Dai Li in the house of Yuan Chi,
Deputy Governor of Kui Prefecture, I saw Li the Twelfth Madam of Lin Ying
perform the dance Jian Qi. Amazed by the brilliance and verve of her art, I
asked from whom she learned it. I was a pupil of Madam Gongsun she replied.
I recall in the third
year of Kai Yuan when I was still a little boy seeing Gongsun perform the Jian
Qi dance and the Hun Tuo at Yan City. For consummation of techniques and the
mettle, audacity and versatility of the strokes she was unequalled in her day. From
the royal command performers and the insiders of the Spring Garden and Pear
Garden in the Palace down to official call dancers outside, there was no one
during the early years of His Sagely Peaceful and Divinely Martial Majesty who
understood this dance as she did. Where now is that lovely figure in its magnificent
costume? Now I’m already a hoar haired old man and this pupil of hers is well past
her prime.
Having found out
the pupil’s credentials, I now realized that what I had been watching was an
original reproduction of the great dancer’s version of the dance. Mulling over
my reminiscence I felt urged to write a ballad on the Jian Qi Dance.
Years ago, Zhang
Xu the great master of cursive hand calligraphy, having seen Gongsun perform
the Hexi Jian Qi several times at Ye City discovered afterwards, to his great
gratitude, that his calligraphy has greatly improved. This should be able to
shed some light on how great a dancer Gongsun was.
There was a fair
lady surnamed Gongsun not too long ago,
Whenever she
performed the Jian Qi dance she attracted spectators from all quarters to
exalt,
Spectators as
numerous as the hills were all awesomely appalled,
Even long after
she finished her dancing the whole earth seemed all stumbled in a tumble,
Her dazzling swoop
was like the nine suns by the legendary archer Yi’s arrows felled,
As vivacious as
the gods riding their dragons across the heavens was her elan vital,
Her advances
like thunder amassing its bellow,
Her pauses like
river and seas frozen in hyaline gelid glow,
Her crimson lips
and pearl adorned sleeves are now reposed,
But in her late
years there was a pupil who inherited her art’s ambrosial vital verve,
Now this fair
lady from
Linying performing her art in the City of Bai Di on thrilled mettle,
Her answers to
my questions revealed my admiration for her were reasonably rational,
Mulling over my
reflections I am thrilled by angst and dismals,
In His Majesty’s
service there were eight thousand women to avail,
Gongsun was from
the outset the first to perform the dance Jian Qi before His Regal,
Fifty years have
now gone by like the hand’s wiggle,
In these fifty
years the royal house was plagued and darkened by treacherous upheavals,
Pupils of the
Pear Garden have vanished like hazy mizzles,
On the fading
glamour of this lady the chilly wintry sun glows,
South of the Hill
of the Grain of Gold trees flanking the road to the Imperial Tomb have grown tall
enough for their branches to have an arch to hold,
On the rocky wall
of Qutang the dead grasses shrivel and whittle,
In the grand feast
the shrill flutes once again come to their finale,
When pleasure is
climaxed and sorrows follow the moon in the east again shows,
This gaffer knows
not where to go,
Over the desolate
mountains his calloused feet feed with more and more angst and dismals as
further and further he goes.
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